Different scar treatments according to wikipedia

According to the authority, the American Academy of Dermatology, no scar can be completely removed^[15] although in some cases healing can occur without scarring such as healing in embryos, healing without injury (regeneration), and some animals. It also depends on race. Eurasians or asians can have it completely removed and some Africans can.^[16] As of 2004^[update] no prescription drugs for the treatment or prevention of scars were available.^[17]

Atrophic Scarring occurring after surgical procedures or trauma is a common cosmetic problem for patients. Atrophic scars, which present as topographical depressions, result when dermal collagen and connective tissue production during the physiologic wound-healing process inadequately compensate for the tissue loss present after injury. Wound tension, tissue apposition, individual variations in wound healing, and scar contraction are all factors that contribute to the creation of a depressed, atrophic scar. With varying success, numerous ablative, nonablative, and fractional devices have been used to stimulate neocollagenesis and dermal remodeling in an attempt to improve the appearance of atrophic scars.^[18]

An alternative way to remove scars is to dissolve them with enzymes. According to Singh, Ratner etal and Lee, Bee Venom Therapy (BVT) is useful in diminishing scars. They explain when scars are stung they are broken down, softened and faded by substances in the venom.^[19][20][21] (Bee sting image: Before and After).^[22]

Semiocclusive ointments (e.g. petrolatum-based), silicone gel sheeting and steroid injections have a widely-accepted role in general scar treatment,.^[23] In 1962, a paper supporting the use of a semiocclusive ointments to speed healing and reduce scarring was published, beginning a practice which is now “a cornerstone of wound care” and the beginning of the discovery of the effectiveness of occlusive methods (ointments, occlusive dressings, silicones) .^[24] The effectiveness of silicone gel over nonsilicone gel was initially seen as controversial as no significant differences were noted when comparing silicone vs non silicone dressings.^[24] It is now more accepted that the silicone itself is not a biologically active part of scar formation, it is the hydration silicone (and other occlusive dressings) offer. In 2002, Mustoe et al. in Vol 110. No 2 of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery offer the International Recommendations on Scar Management and state, a “primary role for silicone gel sheeting and (corticosteroid injections) for the management of a wide variety of abnormal scars”. Corticosteroid therapy by injection into the scars was also introduced in the 1960s. From the early 1970s pressure garment therapy was introduced for widespread burn scars, and silicone gel sheets from the 1980s.^[25]

In 1971 Moss & Clifford, produced a patent that claimed scar free healing.^[26] Their work went unnoticed and was not peer reviewed.

Any injury does not become a scar until the wound has completely healed; this can take many months. To begin to patch the defect a provisional clot is created; this first layer is not scar. At the site of the injury, over time the wounded body tissue will then over expresses collagen. This collagen over expression cross-links the fiber arrangement inside the collagen. This densely-packed collagen, morphing into an inelastic whitish collagen^[3] scar wall, blocks off regeneration and, as a result, the new tissue that is generated will have a different texture and quality than the surrounding non-wounded tissue. This prolonged collagen-producing process results in a fortuna scar.

The scarring is created by fibroblast proliferation,^[3] which reacts to the clot.^[4]

To mend the damage, scars are slowly formed. The scars are formed by prolonged inflammation, excessive overproliferation of fibroblasts^[3] (the proliferation is circular^[5]) and collagen production. Cyclically, the fibroblast proliferation lays down thick whitish collagen^[3] inside the matrix, resulting in the abundant production of collagen on the fibers^[3][4][6] giving scars their uneven texture. Over time, the fibroblasts continue to crawl around the matrix, adjusting more fibers and, in the process, the settling scarring becomes more stiff.^[7] This fibroblast proliferation also contracts the tissue.^[5][8] In non-wounded tissue, these fibers are not over expressed with thick collagen and do not contract.

Redness that often follows an injury to the skin is not a scar, and is generally not permanent (see wound healing). The time it takes for this redness to dissipate may, however, range from a few days to, in some serious and rare cases, a few years.^{[citation needed]}

Scars form differently based on the location of the injury on the body and the age of the person who was injured.^{[citation needed]}

The worse the initial damage is, the worse the scar will generally be.^{[citation needed]}

Skin Scars: Skin scars occur when the dermis (the deep, thick layer of skin) is damaged. Most skin scars are flat and leave a trace of the original injury that caused them.^{[citation needed]}

Stable forms of topical vitamin C have been shown to improve collagen formation.^[9]

Recent research has also implicated the gene product osteopontin in scarring and The University of Bristol have developed a gel that inhibits the process.^[10][11]

Transforming Growth Factors (TGF) play a critical role in scar development and current research is investigating the manipulation of these TGFs for drug development to prevent scarring from the emergency adult wound-healing process. As well, a recent American study implicated the protein Ribosomal s6 kinase (RSK) in the formation of scar tissue and found that the introduction of a chemical to counteract RSK could halt the formation of Cirrhosis. This treatment also has the potential to reduce or even prevent altogether other types of scarring.^[12]

Scars (also called cicatrices) are areas of fibrous tissue (fibrosis) that replace normal skin (or other tissue) after injury or disease. A scar results from the biologic process of wound repair in the skin and other tissues of the body. Thus, scarring is a natural part of the healing process. With the exception of very minor lesions, every wound (e.g. after accident, disease, or surgery) results in some degree of scarring. An exception to this is animals with regeneration, which do not form scars and the tissue will grow back exactly as before.

Scar tissue is composed of the same protein (collagen) as the tissue that it replaces,^[1] but instead of a random basketweave formation of the collagen fibers found in normal tissue,^[1] the collagen cross-links and forms a pronounced alignment in a single direction.^[1] This collagen scar tissue alignment is usually of inferior functional quality to the normal collagen randomised alignment. For example, scars in the skin are less resistant to ultraviolet radiation, and sweat glands and hair follicles do not grow back within scar tissue. A myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, causes scar formation in the heart muscle, which leads to loss of muscular power and possibly heart failure. However, there are some tissues (e.g. bone) that can heal without any structural or functional deterioration.

The word scar was derived from the Greek word schara, meaning place of fire (fireplace).^[2]

Burn Scars:

Burn scars are among the most diffcult to treat, they normally are caused by three different factors and types:

Electrical Burn Scars

Fire Burn Scars

Chemical Burn Scars

Radiation Burn Scars

They are divided according to the factor that caused the burn, and subsequently the scar.

Normally Burn scars contract the skin and limit its movements, the main treatments for burn scars are skininserts and grafts, it is a painful and long treatment, but can yield very good results.

Minor burn scar treatments can be done at home with over the counter products, such as mederma, and bioskin, but second to third degree burn scars should be treated by a professional, mainly due to the risk of infection, spending a lot of time with open wounds, wich attract bacteria, and also because the patient is normally in a great amount of pain, and treatment should be associated with pain killers.

Acne scars can be a a very hard experience to some people, they can damage self esteem and self confidence, but new technologies can put an end to the acne scar sufferers, acne scar removal is now a pretty easy thing to do.

There are several different acne scar removal options:

• Peeling (chemical or mechanical)
• Microdermabrasion
• Laser Treatments
• Collagen injections
• Plastic Surgery

We have listed the different acne scar removal treatments in ascending order, normally in price and difficulty for the patient.

The peeling is a very efective acne scar removar treatment, it consists of having the uper layer of the skin “peeled” or removed, this can be done in two different ways, it can be done by medicine (chemical) or by a machine operated by a skin care profesional (Mechanical) normally the chemical peeling treatment consists of taking specific medicines for 2 to 4 months, which dries out the skin and makes it regenerate itself, this process takes a longer time, but it is normally easier and with less side effects.

The mechanical acne scar removal treatment can be done by microdermabrasion or by l aser, it also consists on burning the upper layer of the skin, to force it to regenerate itself, it can be done in 4 to 5 sessions, but it is normally more expensive and has to be done in a dermathologist or skin professional office.

Collagen injections are more common treatments for wrinkles but they can also be used to remove acne scars, they are normally used to fill out holes left behind by acne scars, and level them with the rest of the skin.

Acne scar removal is now a reality, you can find out more information on our site, and if you need more information on your specific case we recommend you consult directly with a dermathologist or skin care professional, so he/she can give you more detailed and specific information for your specific case.

There are several different treatments that can be done by a dermatologist, scars normally appear after the skin is ripped, not cut, like a scrape, there are also different kinds of scars that can be treated by a dermatologist, like burn scars.

Science defines scars by its types, into hyperthrophic scars, queloid scars (or keloid scars) and indented scars.

Dermathologists are experts on skin care, and since scars are skinn affections, they are the doctors you should visit to get more information on your specific scar.

Some of the treatments he can suggest are:

Laser scar treatment:

These are normally done by an expert dermatologist in his office or practice, these treatments normally consist on having the laser very carefully peel or burn the skin, so new skin can grow on the place where the scar was located.

Scars on face are a personal trauma for many people, they can affect self esteem and be visually not appealing, they can be caused by many different things, but they are most commonly caused by pimples, pimple scars on face are normally little holes that stay there after a pimple has been squeezed or popped.

You can cure a scar with different substances and even laser and microdermabrasion treatments.

One of the most common treatments for face scars is called peeling, this consists on burning the topmost upper layer of the skin on the face, so the skin can regenerate and create new skin replacing the face scar.

This peeling can be done through the outside with microdermabrasion or laser treatment, or through the inside with medicines (normally called a chemical peeling) the most common used medicine to cure a scar on the face is called accutane.

Scar tissue is the fibrous connective tissue that makes a scar; it can be placed on any tissue on the body, including internal organs, where an injury, cut, surgery or disease has taken place, and then healed, for example scarring in the uterus is fairly common and can be a cause for infertility. There are also surgeries and operations to remove scar tissue like this.

More thick than the natural tissue around it, scar tissue is normally less colored and denser because it doesn´t have as much blood supply. Even though it does take the place of the destroyed tissue, it is limited in its functions, that can include moves, blood circulation, and feeling. 

Scar tissue in the outer skin layer is of less quality than healthy skin for several reasons: sweat glans are damaged or destroyed, hair does not grow back in scar tissue, and there is less resistance to ultraviolet radiation. Skin scar tissue are commonly flat and pale, illustrating the history of the injury which caused them, yet often a body will produce too much fibrous tissue, resulting in an extra thick or raised scar. 

Hypertrophic scars form as red lumps on the skin but stay within the confines of the original wound. Keloid scars may cover the original wound but then continue to grow, causing a type of tumorous growth. Hypertrophic and keloid scars can occur in anyone, but are more common in younger and dark skinned people. In rare cases, keloid scars form without warning or injury.

Scar tissue removal is very difficult to remove completely. A lot of doctors tell  patients to use vitamin E oils or creams or  to accelerate the process of curing and healing and make the scar tissue softer. Surgeries are available to eliminate scars, but any kind of surgery will always result in a new scar: the new scar tissue may be less obviousto the eye, but it will not go away completely. Surgeries are not recommended for hypertrophic or keloid scar tissue, as there is the risk of making the scar tissue worse and more difficult to remove.

These scars are caused by acne eruptions, normally called pimples, zits or blackheads, these are formed when the sebaceous glans are clogged, not letting the fat go out.

When the pores get clogged, the fat gets stuck and forms a little ball or pimple, when you pop a pimple that is closed, the skin rips or breaks to let the fat out, and when it starts to heal it forms a pimple scar.

Pimple scars are normally located in the face and neck, and mostly look like holes, these are difficult to remove or eliminate, but there are several treatments you can try:

Pimple scars microdermabrasion: This treatment consists on burning the top layer of the skin by chemical or other mean, it is also called a peeling, it can be done by medicine (chemical) mainly one called accutane, This is a very strong medicine that has to be prescribed by a doctor who has to folow the treatment very closely because it can cause liver and other kind of damage, while taking accutane yo can´t be exposed to a lot of sunshine or take any alcoholic drinks, but the resultsw are worth it because it mostly eliminate all pimple scars.

Pimple scars laser: This is another kind of microdermabrasion, done with a beam laser that causes the top skin layer to burn, and to regenerate new skin without pimple scars, this pimple scar treatment is mostly done in a dermathologist office or specialized beauty spa by certified care giver.

Pimple scars collagen: Collagen (the substance the body produces to regenerate skin) can be injected into pimple scars to raise the little holes and heal the scars.

Before trying any of this treatments you should consult with your doctor or dermathologist so you both can decide which is the best pimple scars treatment for your specific case.

Erase the scars while they form: applying Vitamin E oil directly on the scar tisuue while it is healing two or three times a day, the Vitamin E will help the skin to regenerate, massage the area while you apply oil this will help the new tissue to grow normally without forming a well-known scar.

Step 2 Massage the scar with a little water and baking soda to exfoliate the layers of the skin, removing the scar tissue. baking soda is a common ingredient in treatments of microdermabrasion. Massage the scar with baking soda at least a minute twice a day and then rinse with lukewarm water and apply a thin layer of olive oil to help rejuvenate the skin.

Step 3 Purchase in any pharmacy a microdermabrasion treatment Or take a professional treatment in a SPA that helps to remove the scars. While most people will need several treatments, the microdermabrasión will help to eliminate the outer layers of the scar or scars, and will reduce the scars. After peeling, special creams and liquids are applied to help to increase to the level of collagen and the elasticity of the tissue so that the tissue of the scar can grow healthily.

For small scars, over the counter treatments can be sufficient, nevertheless for bigger or deeper scars you may need stronger or chemical scar treatments that only can be applied by professionals.

Step 4 If you have the money you can try a treatment of of scar or scars removal with laser, the treatment to eliminate scars with laser is not cheap, but it is the most effective form to definitively remove, clear and erase scars.

Step
2
Massage scars with a bit of baking soda and water to exfoliate the top layers of the skin, removing scar tissue. Baking soda is a common ingredient an over-the-counter and professional microdermabrasion treatments. Massage the scar with baking soda for at least one minute, twice daily. Rinse with warm water and then apply light layer of olive oil to help rejuvenate the tissue.

Step
3
Purchase over-the-counter microdermabrasion treatments or get profession treatments at spa to help remove scars. While most people will need multiple treatments, microdermabrasion will remove outer layers of the skin to reduce scar tissues. After peeling, special creams and liquids are applied to help increase collagen and elastic and promote the healthy growth of tissue. For lighter scars, at home treatments may be sufficient; however, larger scars will need deep chemical peels which can only be performed by trained professionals.

Step
4
Spend the money and get rid of scars the sure way with laser scar removal. Laser scar removal is not cheap, but it is the most effective method for permanent removal. Because the specific treatment will vary greatly depending on the size and location of the scar, it is best to speak to a doctor about options and cost.

Here we present you the best treatments and information to remove, clear and eliminate definitely that scar or scars that you dont like.

Eliminate the scar or scars caused by burns, acne, srugery, and any other scar or scars in your body or face.

According to wikipedia a scar is:

Scars (also called cicatrices) are areas of fibrous tissue that replace normal skin (or other tissue) after injury. A scar results from the biologic process of wound repair in the skin and other tissues of the body. Thus, scarring is a natural part of the healing process. With the exception of very minor lesions, every wound (e.g. after accident, disease, or surgery) results in some degree of scarring.

Scar tissue is not identical to the tissue that it replaces and is usually of inferior functional quality. For example, scars in the skin are less resistant to ultraviolet radiation, and sweat glands and hair follicles do not grow back within scar tissue. A myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, causes scar formation in the heart muscle, which leads to loss of muscular power and possibly heart failure. However, there are some tissues (e.g. bone) that can heal without any structural or functional deterioration.

The word scar was derived from the Greek word eschara, meaning place of fire (fireplace)

• keloid scars
  Irregular, cleared and heavy groupings of scar tissue that forms in the zone of a wound, but that does not agree with the edges of that wound. Often they are of red color or darker, in comparison with the surrounding normal skin. The keloid scars form with the colagen that the body produces after it has healed a wound. These scars can appear anywhere of the body. They take place most frequently in the people of darker skin. The keloid scars can appear until a year after the original traumatism in the skin.The treatment of the keloid scars varies. There is no one cures simple for the keloid scars. The recurrence is common after the treatment. The treatment can include the following thing:
  • Steroid injections
    The steroids become congested directly in the scar tissue to help to diminish the irritation, the reddening and the burning sensations that these scars can produce. Some times, the injections help to really diminish the size of the scar.
  • Criotherapy
    The criotherapy consists of clearing the scar “freezing it” by means of a medicine.
  • Therapy of pressure
    The pressure therapy requires the use of a type of pressure device that is applied on the zone of the scar. It can be used day and night during a period of four to six months.
  • Surgery
    If the keloidal scar does not respond to the nonsurgical options of treatment, is possible to resort to the surgery. A type of surgery consists of directly eliminating the formation of the scar with an incision; then, stitches are placed to help to close the wound. Some times skin grafts are used so that the wound closes. This implies to replace or to fit the skin in the zones that do not have it. The skin grafts are realised taking a healthy piece of skin from another zone of the body (called the zone donor) and placing it in the zone that lacks skin.

    Another option is the surgery with laser. The scars can be dealt with a variety of different lasers according to which it is the cause of the wound. The lasers are used with different aims: alder grove a scar, to eliminate its abnormal color or to flatten it. In the majority of the cases, the therapy with laser in the scars is realised jointly with other treatments, between which steroid injections are included, the use of special dressings and the use of bandage. They can be necessary manifolds treatments, without concerning the initial type of therapy.

• Hypertrophic scars
  The hypertrophic scars are similar to the keloidal scars; nevertheless, its growth is confined to the edges of the wound. These scars can also have a reddish appearance, and heavy and usually are lifted. The hypertrophic scars normally begin to be developed weeks after the injury in the skin. They can improve of natural form, although this process can take a year or more.

  In the treatment of these scars, the steroids occupy an outstanding place, although there is no a unique therapy for all the cases. The steroids can be administered by means of an injection or a direct application. These scars can also take off surgically. Often, the steroid injections are used along with the surgery; the applications usually continue up to two years after the surgery to increase the probability of treatment and of diminishing the probability that the scar returns.

• Contractures
  The contractures are an abnormal condition that is originated when it is damaged and loses a great zone of skin and it forms, like result, a scar. In the process of formation of the scar, the skin edges tend to be united and a zone of tense skin is generated. The diminution as large as the skin can affect muscles, the joints and the sinews; consequently, a reduction in the movement is originated.

  Many different options of surgical treatment for the contractures exist, between which the following are included:

  • Graft of skin or transplant of skin
    The grafts of skin or transplant of skin are realised after clearing the scar tissue. They consist of replacing or uniting skin to a part of the body that does not have skin. The skin grafts are realised taking a healthy portion of skin from another zone of the body (called the zone donor) that is applied in the devoid zone of skin. The colgajos of skin are similar to the grafts of skin in which a piece is taken from skin of another zone, but in the case of the colgajos of skin, the skin that taking has its own sanguineous provision. The used section of skin includes the blood vessels, the essential fat and muscles. The colgajos can be used when the zone to which it needs the skin does not have a good provision of blood due to the location, or because the blood vessels are damaged.
  • Plastia in Z
    Plastia in Z is a type of used procedure to review a scar using an incision in the form of Z to help to diminish the amount of contracturas of the surrounding skin. By this procedure, also the scar can be located elsewhere, so that the edges of the scar follow the lines and you fold normal of the skin. Small stitches can be used to help to maintain the skin in their place.
  • Tissue expansion
    The Tissue expansion is one more a more recent technique, and consists of a process that increases the amount of existing weave available for reconstructivos aims. This procedure is often used besides the surgery.

• Adhesions
  The adhesions form between internal organs that are not connected. They can give rise to complications in some surgeries.

The specific dermatological procedure to eliminate a scar will be determined by your doctor based on the following things:

• your age, your general state of health and your medical history.
• The severity of the scar.
• The type of scar.
• your tolerance to certain medecines, procedures or therapies.
• The expectations for the trajectory of the condition.
• your opinion or preference.

The scars usually disappear with time. While they are cured, make up can be used to cover them. Certain dermathologic techniques exist that help to make the scars less visible. However, the treatment only improves the appearance of the scar, but not it flock completely.

Next some of the procedures are enumerated that usually are used to reduce the scars:

• Dermabrasion
  The dermabrasion can be used to reduce to the minimum small scars, smaller irregularities in the surface of the skin, surgical scars and scars by acne. As to his it suggests it name, it consists of eliminating the layers superiors of the skin by means of an electric appliance that “scrapes” the skin. When the skin is cured, the surface has one more a fresher and smooth appearance, it can even eliminate scars.
• Chemical exfoliation
  The chemical exfoliation is realised frequently to treat the skins damaged by the sun, with irregular pigmentation and superficial scars. It consists of coming off the layer superior the skin by means of the application of a chemical agent. When retiring the layer superior, the skin regenerates; generally, the appearance of the skin improves.
• Injections of colagen
  A type of colagen, that is derived from the bovine colagen (of the cow) purified, becomes congested under the skin to replace the natural colagen of the body that is had lost. The colagen that can be injected uses generally as treatment against the face wrinkles, scars and lines to help eliminate scars.
• Drug injections similar to the cortisone
  This type of injections helps to soften the hard scars and soon they reduce his size.
• Criosurgery
  Criosurgery aids to reduce the size of the scars through freezing of the superficial layers of the skin. The freezing causes that the skin blisters.
• Reaffirmation with laser
  In this treatment light of high energy is used to destroy the damaged skin burning it. It can be used to reduce to minimum the wrinkles and thin scars.
• Grafts with punches
  The grafts with punches are small grafts of skin that are used to replace the skin with scars. The skin in the form of hole is perforated to retire the scar, that soon is replaced with skin without scars (usually it is taken from the later part of the lobe of the ear). The grafts with punches are used in the treatment of scars by deep acne.
• Surgical revision of scars
  The revision of a scar consists of extirpating the scar surgically and returning to unite the skin. Although a new scar forms, the objective of the surgical technique consists of which the scar is less visible. This procedure usually is reserved for wide or long scars, scars that did not suturaron suitably or scars located in very visible sites.
• auto fat transference
  In a auto fat transference the originating fat of another part of the body is used to inject it in the skin. The fat becomes congested underneath the surface of the skin in order to lift the sunk scars. This method is used to correct the deep defects of the contour brought about by the scars of the noduloquístico acne. Since the fat can be reabsorber in the skin after some months, it is possible that it is necessary to repeat the procedure.

The healing process is the form in which the body heals and replaces the lost or damaged skin. A scar is compound normally of fibrous weave. The scars can form for many different reasons: they can be result of infections, surgery, injuries or inflammation of the weave. They can appear anywhere of the body; its composition varies reason why the appearance can be flat, bulky, sunk or colored, like also it can happen that they hurt or they cause picazón. The final aspect of a scar depends on many factors, including the type of skin and the location in the body, the direction of the wound, the type of injury, the age of the person who has the scar and its nutritional state.